ADJECTIVES, its degrees and types

                                              ADJECTIVE
          Def:  Adjective is a word which modifies a noun or a pronoun by limiting its meaning.
DEGREES OF ADJECTIVES
Positive Adjective:
                      Positive adjective is used to modify a noun, pronoun, gerund(phrase) infinitive(phrase) or noun clause.
e.g. He is tall. (here it modifies the pronoun "He".)
e.g. He is intelligent person.(here it modifies the noun "person".)
e.g. Swimming is difficult.(here it modifies the gerund "swimming".)
e.g. To succeed is important.(here it modifies the infinitive "to succeed").


Comparative Adjective:
                             Comparative adjective is used to compare two (groups) of people, places or things.
e.g. Shah Koko is older than Gul Koko.
e.g. We are more intelligent than them.

Superlative Adjective:
                  Superlative degree of adjective is used to compare a person, place or thing with the whole group.
e.g. Dr. Zakir Naik is the most intelligent person in the world.(here Zakir Naik is compared with the the people of the whole world)
e.g. Kalam is the coolest place of Pakistan.
e.g. Elephant is the biggest animal in the world.

FORMING THE COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE

Using the comparative of adjectives in English is quite easy once you have understood the few simple rules that govern them. Below you will find the rules with examples for each condition. If you are not sure what a syllable or a consonant is - have a look here.

Rules

Number of syllables	Comparative	Superlative (see rule)
one syllable	+ -er	+ -est
tall	taller	tallest
one syllable with the spelling consonant + single vowel + consonant: double the final consonant:
fat	fatter	fattest
big	bigger	biggest
sad	sadder	saddest
Number of syllables	Comparative	Superlative
two syllables	+ -er OR more + adj	+ -est OR most + adj
ending in: -y, -ly, -owending in: -le, -er or -urethese common adjectives - handsome, polite, pleasant, common, quiet
happy	happier/ more happy	happiest/ most happy
yellow	yellower/ more yellow	yellowest/ most yellow
simple	simpler/ more simple	simplest/ most simple
tender	tenderer/ more tender	tenderest/ most tender
If you are not sure, use MORE + OR MOST +Note: Adjectives ending in '-y' like happy, pretty, busy, sunny, lucky etc:. replace the -y with -ier or -iest in the comparative and superlative form
busy	busier	busiest
Number of syllables	Comparative	Superlative
three syllables or more	more + adj	most + adj
important	more important	most important
expensive	more expensive	most expensive

Examples

• A cat is fast, a tiger is faster but a cheetah is the fastest
• A car is heavy, a truck is heavier, but a train is the heaviest
• A park bench is comfortable, a restaurant chair is more comfortable, but a sofa is the most comfortable

                                            CASES OF ADJECTIVES
1. Predicative case:
               In this case the adjective modifies the subject of sentence.
e.g. He is smart.(here adjective modifies the subject "He".)

2. Attributive case:
           In this case the adjective modifies the complement of sentence, usually preceding it
e.g. He is a smart boy.

3. Post positive case:
             In this case the adjective modifies indefinite pronouns following them.
e.g. I want to drink something cold.


Predicative case          Attributive case
alive                              live, living
alone                            lonely
afraid                            frightened
asleep                          sleeping
alike                              like
drunk                            drunken


e.g. He was afraid.(predicative case)
e.g. He was a frightened person.(attributive case)    


posted by: UnIQue-PeaRL